Background: Pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis is one of the complications after PV isolation in the patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
Objective: We evaluated the incidence and characteristics of PV stenosis/narrowing after Hotballoon ablation (HBA) for AF.
Methods: HBA was performed in 53 AF patients with a single application strategy for each PV. Additional HB application was allowed once with operator’s discretion. PV stenosis and narrowing were defined as ≥75% and 25-75% area reduction respectively between before and 3 months after HBA using 3D-computed tomography.
Results: Mean application number of HBA was 1.2±0.4 /PV. PV stenosis and narrowing occured in 2 PVs (LSPV (
Figure) and RIPV) and 18 PVs (LSPV; 5, LIPV; 5, RSPV; 5 and RIPV; 3), respectively. In PVs with stenosis/narrowing, total duration of HBA was significantly longer than those without (237±114 vs. 183±69 sec, P<0.05), while PV ostial dimension and requirement of touch-up ablation were similar between PVs with and without stenosis/narrowing (2.1±0.6 vs. 2.4±1.0 cm
2, P=0.28, 6/20(30.0%) vs. 82/192(42.7%), P=0.34, respectively).
Conclusion: PV stenosis/narrowing occurred in 9.4% of PVs after HBA. Total duration of HBA was associated with the occurrence of PV stenosis/narrowing.